A million-dollar question which many married Indian couples face in recent years is whether to give birth to a child or not? Primarily such thought occurs for a multitude of reasons.
The marriage age is pushed to the late '20s and early 30's. Male/Female both are remain invested in prospering their careers till that time especially when they go for higher education. Therefore, a prime unfulfilled desire in them is to explore the world which supersedes the maternal/paternal instincts of many couples. But this is not the only reason.
Many couples believe in DINK (double income no kids) lifestyle. The new birth is often perceived as a responsibility that can hinder the career growth of some or brings extra financial, mental pressure on a few others. Exploding education costs, medical expenses, and overall kids' economy cause deed uncertainty in many minds. More so, when you know that kid is not going to stay with you after a certain age. To a financial mind, It becomes like an investment without dividends. Hence people chose to live without kids.
Cultural changes specifically family structure also play an important role in this. Earlier in joint families, grandparents used to take care of things. But now with nuclear families, the entire process of child upbringing is corporatized that parents hardly devote time to develop emotional connect with kids. As soon as the kid is born, he is admitted to Creche center. A little grown-up, he spends most of the day in playschool. Once out of it, our school education hijacks a kid's life. And soon at the age of 12, kids are shifted to boarding schools so that parents can manage and focus their career properly and the kid can build his own. So a natural question to ask is "why should we procreate kid?"
Even if one reconciles with changing cultural trends, cope up with spiraling financial burden and push aside his own personal ambition, would it be justified to bring kids for in such a polluted, resource-scarce, unsafe environment where air, water, food, and the entire ecosystem is contaminated.
A resounding answer to the question is no or don't know at the best.
In developed countries, we see the total fertility rate runs into negative despite an assured good lifestyle. Given that they are a tad ahead of us in the civilizational developmental lifecycle, we can learn from their wisdom or at least know their perspective about this issue. So the prime question as asked in the introductory paragraph is Why are they not producing kids and why should we Indians with a population of 130 crores should bear kids?
In India, earlier kids were considered a symbol of strength, working hands, a gift of gods and insurance of old age. A general impression was "More the kids, higher the masculinity". There were severe lack of avenues for entertainment. Hence, sex was the biggest source of entertainment. Women of the family were not working outside the house. There was no awareness of protective devices and medicinal solutions to avoid pregnancy. And most strongly, not having a child was considered a social taboo. The child was seen as a flag bearer of the next generation. Hence people were producing kids.
Now the situation is reversed. Women are working. There is a high awareness of sex, pregnancy and kids. There are multiple avenues of entertainment. Families are nuclear and there is lesser insecurity about old age. Hence the question "why kids?" The only thing is social pressure, especially from parents, remains albeit bit subdued.
I think the remaining question is of maternal/paternal instincts. Do we feel like procreating a kid so that as a couple one can have some fun or entertainment of parenting? Are we not commodifying kids? What is so joyful about parenting in such an unsafe, polluted, and hectic environment?
If it is about taking your generation forward, then are we not acting feudal in parenting the child? If it is about old-age insurance, are we not putting unnecessary expectation or burden on a soul which is yet to enter this world?
Almost all the lines of thought prompted me to ask a question are we producing kids or a commodity?